Modern ophthalmology allows operations to be performed in 15-40 minutes.
During the operation, anesthesia is used, so the patient does not experience pain, and often there is no discomfort.
Thanks to modern technologies, most interventions are successful and painless.But such operations have their side effects and contraindications.Anyone planning to undergo eye surgery should know about them.
Indications for eye surgery
Most people believe that ophthalmological surgery is safe, quick and comfortable for the patient.But this opinion is not always true.
With any ophthalmic intervention, there is a risk of developing pathology and deterioration of vision.The intervention may be unsuccessful and not everything always depends on the ophthalmologist who will perform the operation.
Before the intervention, the patient should carefully assess his condition.Review the information about the selected intervention.Assess possible contraindications and side effects.A person must evaluate the possible consequences.Treatment does not always go smoothly and without consequences.Although in most cases this is true.
Most patients undergo surgery to improve vision for the following pathologies:
- myopia (myopia);
- hypermetropia (farsightedness);
- cataract (fogging of the lens).
Ophthalmic surgery will allow a person to restore lost visual acuity.The person will again be able to engage in activities that require excellent vision (driving a car, riding a bicycle and in some cases reading books).
If a child needs surgery, parents must weigh the pros and cons.The child cannot make decisions on his own.This means that his vision is completely dependent on the choice of his parents.
Scleroplasty
It does not fully restore vision, but blocks the continuous decline in visual acuity.It is mainly prescribed for myopia in people over 18 years of age.This is due to the fact that a child's eye is sensitive to change (the shape of the eye and its components change).
Therefore, if you "insert" scleral strengthening material into a child's eye, then over time the material will stretch and may lead to deterioration of vision.
Scleroplasty aims to stabilize vision.It is not a corrective intervention.
It lasts 20-30 minutes.And it consists in inserting the sclero-strengthening material (patient tissue, synthetic polymers, silicone, etc.) into the eye.The material that strengthens the sclera is attached to the outer membrane of the eye.The decline in vision is blocked.
Scleroplasty is prescribed for progressive myopia.In case vision correction is prohibited for any reason.
Scleroplasty is not recommended in the following cases:
- children's age (up to 5 years);
- psychosomatic disorders;
- the presence of viral or infectious diseases;
- dystrophy of the visual apparatus;
- allergy or hypersensitivity to sclera reinforcing material;
- allergy to an anesthetic drug.
During pregnancy, this intervention is allowed.But it is still recommended that you undergo scleroplasty before or after pregnancy.
After surgery, each patient faces a long period of rehabilitation.Includes:
- It is not recommended for 1-2 weeks to read books, sit at the computer, watch TV, limit the use of the phone (you can not tire your eyes);
- Do not visit the pool and do not play sports for 4-5 weeks;
- 2-3 weeks (determined individually) wear glasses with filters from ultraviolet rays (after the intervention there is an acute reaction to light);
- limit vigorous physical activity for 8-12 months.
It is recommended to follow all the instructions of your doctor.Insert restorative antibacterial drops.Then the rehabilitation period will be favorable and will not suffer negative consequences.
Scleroplasty costs start at $50 per eye.The cost depends on the region of residence, the ophthalmology clinic and the qualifications of the specialist.It is important to carefully approach the choice of an ophthalmology clinic.The future state of the vision may depend on this choice.
Vitrectomy
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Surgery to partially or completely remove the vitreous humor (the clear substance that fills the space between the retina and the lens).It is performed by a highly qualified surgeon.It lasts 1.5-3 hours.
Indications:
- opacification of glass;
- infectious or inflammatory diseases of the inner lining of the eye;
- retinal detachment;
- mechanical injuries resulting in displacement of the lens;
- hemorrhage in the vitreous body.
The patient's vitreous body is removed and an artificial lens is placed in its place.
It is not recommended in the following cases:
- pregnancy period;
- regular or periodic increase in intraocular pressure (glaucoma);
- high degree of opacity of the lens and cornea.
With vitrectomy, vision is gradually restored.The period of restoration of visual acuity lasts 1-2 months.
If the operation did not go well or the patient did not follow the doctor's recommendations, complications may occur:
- infectious diseases;
- retinal detachment;
- the development of glaucoma (a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure);
- fogging of the cornea or lens.
Prices start at $330.The price depends on the region of residence and the clinic that performs the intervention.Vitrectomy can cost up to $1,660 per eye.
Laser coagulation of the retina
A lens is placed in the patient's eye through which the laser passes.Retinal defects are repaired with lasers.If the gap is not "glued" in time, it will turn into a retinal detachment.Disengagement is much more difficult to deal with.Therefore, it is important to undergo surgery in time - laser coagulation of the retina.
Corrects small retinal detachments (located individually with each patient).
The intervention lasts 20 minutes.Before that, anesthetic drops are injected into the patient.
Contraindications:
- blurring of the visual apparatus;
- vascular pathologies (including differences in bleeding);
- reduction of visual acuity (with vision 0.1 not recommended);
- dystrophy of the organs of the visual apparatus.
A complication may occur - corneal edema.Causes temporary visual impairment.But if the surgeon's instructions are followed, the patient's sight is restored.
The cost of laser coagulation of the retina is from $33 to $830.
Strabismus correction
Surgery to correct strabismus usually occurs in childhood.Adults require such intervention most often in the case of acquired strabismus.
Indications:
- squinting;
- paralysis of the eye muscles.
The intervention enables a cosmetic effect and restores the patient's vision.But the vision does not always return complete.After surgery, only half of the vision returns.
Ophthalmologists recommend resorting to this operation only if conservative (non-surgical) methods do not help.This manipulation is an intervention of a special complexity.
The cost is about $330.
Crosslinking
The operation is performed on the cornea (the front convex part of the eyeball).A small thin layer of the cornea is cut.The corneal layer is carefully strengthened.A protective lens is placed on top.Cross-linking is described in the following cases:
- corneal dystrophy;
- keratoconus;
- keratomalacia;
- "burning" of parts of the cornea.
Contraindications:
- age up to 15 years;
- pregnancy period;
- thin corneal layer;
- low visual acuity.
Cross-linking takes no more than 1 hour.The patient stays in the hospital for 2-3 days.The operation is performed under local anesthesia.The result of the intervention lasts 8-10 years.
Interconnection prices start at $330.
Treatment of glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by periodic or constant increase in intraocular pressure.This surgical intervention is prescribed if the patient does not respond to conservative methods.The operation can be performed at the request of the patient.A person gets tired of constantly inserting drops and taking pills.
Surgery to correct glaucoma is temporary (most often).Gradually, the increased intraocular pressure returns to the patient.
During the rehabilitation period, a person must follow all the instructions and advice of the attending physician.Then the effect of the operation will last longer and complications will be avoided.
The main complication is the appearance of infectious and inflammatory diseases.
In general, surgery to treat glaucoma is considered safe.In most cases it is successful.
The cost of laser intervention is from $130.Surgical intervention - from $330.
Cataract removal
Cataract is the clouding of the lens of the eye.Surgical intervention is performed when conservative treatment methods do not help or in case of severe degrees of disease development.The damaged lens is removed using a laser or ultrasound.
A new artificial one is placed in its place.The operation lasts 15-20 minutes.
Contraindications:
- period of pregnancy and lactation;
- the presence of ophthalmological infectious diseases;
- inflammation;
- psychological disorders;
- heart failure;
- age under 18 years (contraindications are determined individually, based on the individual characteristics of the patient).
It is important to observe a rehabilitation period of 1-2 months.Do not perform heavy physical activity, do not go to the pool, stop driving (1-2 weeks after the operation).After replacing the lenses, you should not rub your eyes.
Within 1-2 months, the lens should "take root" in the patient's body.A person can resume his usual way of life again.
Cost - from $330.
Laser vision correction
Laser correction is the most popular operation.It is done when:
- myopia (myopia);
- hypermetropia (farsightedness)
- astigmatism.
Lasts 20-30 minutes using anesthetic drops.On the day of laser correction, the patient goes home.1-2 days after the correction, the person will experience discomfort (acute reaction to light, tears, pain).But gradually the worry goes away.
Laser correction is contraindicated in the following cases:
- age up to 18 years (determined individually based on the patient's characteristics);
- infectious and inflammatory diseases;
- progressive state of myopia (hypermetropia, astigmatism).
In most cases it is successful.The patient's vision is completely restored.
The cost of laser correction starts at $330.